T-90 is a third-generation Russian main battle tank (MBT) based on the T-72B and incorporating numerous features from the T-80U.

The T-90 MBT was designed by Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union by Kartsev-Venediktov (now Uralvagonzavod).

The production of the T-90 began in 1992 and the tank entered service with the Russian Army in 1993.

An improved variant, the T-90A, entered service in 2004.

Till present, more than 3,200 T-90 main battle tanks have been built.

T-90 MBT had a price per unit of USD 2.5 million in 1999, and USD 2.77 - 4.25 million in 2011.

The cost per unit of the improved T-90MS was USD 4.5 Million in 2016.

The mass of the T-90 tanks varies by variants. The standard T-90 model has a weight of 46 tonnes (45 long tons; 51 short tons), the T-90A version weights 46.5 tonnes (45.8 long tons; 51.3 short tons), and the newer T-90MS model has a mass of 48 tonnes (47 long tons; 53 short tons).

The hull of the T-90 has a length of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), while the overall length of the tank including the barrel is 9.63 m (31 ft 7 in).

It has a width of 3.78 m (12 ft 5 in) and a height of 2.22 m (7 ft 3 in).

T-90 main battle tank has a crew of three (3) persons.

The standard T-90 variant has a 125 mm 2A46M smoothbore gun with 43 rounds.

The T-90A uses a 125 mm 2A46M-2 smoothbore gun with 42 rounds, while the T-90M has a 125 mm 2A82-1M smoothbore gun.

As secondary armament, T-90 tanks are fitted with a 12.7 mm Kord heavy machine gun and a 7.62 mm PKMT machine gun.

The standard T-90 tanks are powered by an 840 hp (618 kW) V-84MS 12-cyl. diesel engine.

T-90A uses a more powerful 950 hp (736 kW) V-92S2 12-cyl. diesel engine, with the T-90MS having an even more powerful 1,130 hp (831 kW) V-92S2F engine.

The T-90 has a power-to-weight ratio of 18.2 hp/tonne (13.3 kW/tonne), while T-90A has 20.4 hp/tonne (15 kW/tonne).

Having a torsion bar suspension, the T-90 MBT has an operational range of 550 km (340 mi) on internal fuel and a maximum speed of 60 km/h (37 mph).